11
2024
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06
Introduction and advantages of wastewater SBR treatment process
Author：
In our country, the study of batch activated sludge process (SBR) is a recent thing. With the deepening of research, the batch activated sludge method is officially named as the sequential batch reactor method, and in China it is often called the sequential batch activated sludge method, referred to as the SBR method.
The core feature of SBR is its intermittent operation mode. The "sequential intermittent" here has two meanings: First, in space, because the sewage is mostly discharged continuously and the flow rate fluctuates greatly, at least two or more reactors (SBRS) need to be arranged in order and run intermittently. The wastewater enters each reactor in sequence, ensuring that they operate in an orderly and intermittent manner. Secondly, in terms of time, the operation of each SBR is also arranged in order and carried out intermittently, usually including five stages of water intake, reaction, precipitation, drainage and idle, constituting a complete operation cycle.
In this operation cycle, the time of each stage, the change in the volume of the mixed liquid in the reactor and the operation state can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific nature of the wastewater, the quality requirements of the effluent and the requirements of the operation function. For example, in the water intake stage, you can choose either restricted aeration (only water intake without aeration or agitation) or non-restricted aeration (aeration while entering water); In the reaction stage, continuous aeration or alternating aeration and stirring can be performed according to the needs; The discharge of residual sludge can also be selected in the idle stage, the drainage stage or the later stage of the reaction stage. This flexible control of time enables the SBR method to achieve multiple functions in one reactor and is very flexible.
The SBR method has five significant advantages:
2.1 Simple process and cost saving. Compared with the traditional activated sludge process, the SBR process requires only one batch reactor (SBR), no secondary sedimentation tank, return sludge and its equipment, and in most cases can also eliminate the regulation tank and the primary sedimentation tank. This makes the SBR method more economical in terms of infrastructure investment and floor space.
2.2 Ideal flow pushing process makes biochemical reaction thrust high efficiency. In the continuous aeration stage of SBR, although the mixed liquid in the reactor is completely mixed, the change of substrate and microbial concentration shows an ideal flow pushing process in time. This push flow state helps maintain the maximum biochemical push force of the reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate and the efficiency of organic matter removal.
2.3 Flexible operation mode, good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect. The SBR method can easily achieve alternating conditions of aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic states through flexible time control, which provides favorable conditions for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. It can not only strengthen the nitrification reaction and the excessive uptake of phosphorus by dephosphorizing bacteria, but also promote the completion of the denitrification process by adding organic carbon sources. In addition, the SBR method can also maintain the anaerobic state by stirring in the influent stage, and promote the dephosphorization bacteria to release phosphorus fully.
In summary, the SBR method has shown broad application prospects in the field of sewage treatment due to its unique intermittent operation mode, ideal flow pushing process, flexible operation mode and excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect.
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