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2025

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08

Electrodialysis experimental machine: Technical Practice of Concentrating and purifying Waste acid

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With the rapid development of industrial production, the amount of waste acid produced has been increasing year by year. The efficient and environmentally friendly treatment of waste acid has become an urgent problem to be solved. Electrodialysis technology, based on the effect of electric fields and ion-exchange membranes, has unique advantages in the field of waste acid concentration and purification. This article explores its application to provide a reference for researchers.
I. Basic Principles
Electrodialysis technology uses an electric field to drive the directional migration of ions and takes advantage of the selective permeability of ion-exchange membranes to achieve efficient separation. When treating waste acid, the electrodialysis experimental machine applies a direct current electric field to cause the ions in the waste acid to migrate in a directional manner: cations pass through the cation exchange membrane, and anions pass through the anion exchange membrane into the concentration chamber, achieving the concentration of waste acid. Meanwhile, the ion-exchange membrane blocks impurities and heavy metal ions, achieving purification.

Ii. Application Advantages
In terms of efficient concentration and purification, the selective permeability of ion-exchange membranes is utilized to efficiently separate different ions from waste acid, thereby enhancing the concentration efficiency. Precise control of the electric field intensity and membrane selective permeability parameters can further optimize the purification effect and obtain high-concentration waste acid.

In terms of energy conservation and environmental protection, compared with traditional methods, it does not require high-temperature and high-pressure conditions or a large amount of chemical reagents, has low energy consumption and less pollution, and is in line with the concept of green and low-carbon.

Easy to operate and maintain, the testing machine has a high degree of automation and is simple to operate. Once the parameters are set, it can run. Maintenance is relatively simple, reducing operating costs.

Iii. Experimental Procedure
Pretreatment is the primary step, which involves removing solid impurities and suspended matter from the waste acid to ensure the normal operation of the testing machine and the effect of concentration and purification.

The setting of experimental conditions should be based on the composition and concentration of waste acid, determining appropriate electric field intensity, membrane selective permeability parameters, and adjusting flow rate, temperature, etc. at the same time to optimize the effect.

During the concentration and purification stage, the pre-treated waste acid is injected into the testing machine, the power is turned on, and the ions are directed to migrate under the action of the electric field force. The concentration and purification are achieved with the help of the ion-exchange membrane.

Post-treatment further adjusts the pH value of the treated waste acid and removes residual impurities to meet the requirements for subsequent utilization.

Iv. Experimental Data and Result Analysis
Taking the waste acid containing sulfuric acid from a certain chemical plant as an example, after being treated by an electrodialysis experimental machine, the concentration of sulfuric acid was significantly increased, while the content of impurities and heavy metal ions was greatly reduced. Adjusting the electric field intensity and membrane selective permeability parameters can further optimize the purification effect. Compared with traditional methods, it is more efficient and environmentally friendly.

The electrodialysis testing machine has significant advantages in the field of waste acid concentration and purification. It can efficiently concentrate and purify waste acid, reducing energy consumption and pollution. With the advancement of membrane materials and process technologies, its performance will be further enhanced. In the future, this technology is expected to be promoted in more fields, contributing to the construction of a green, low-carbon and circular industrial system. Integrated application with other wastewater treatment technologies will enhance the efficiency and quality of waste acid treatment and promote sustainable industrial development.

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